Grammar

What part of speech names a person, place, thing, or idea?

Hint: Think of words like 'dog', 'freedom', or 'city'.

What part of speech shows action or state of being?

Hint: Run, jump, is, were — these are all examples.

What part of speech modifies a noun or pronoun?

Hint: It answers: What kind? Which one? How many?

What part of speech answers how, when, where, or to what extent?

Hint: It answers: How? When? Where? To what extent?

What part of speech takes the place of a noun?

Hint: He, she, it, they, and who are all examples.

What part of speech shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence?

Hint: In, on, under, between, through — these are common ones.

What part of speech joins words, phrases, or clauses?

Hint: And, but, or, for, nor, so, yet.

What part of speech expresses strong feeling or emotion?

Hint: Wow! Ouch! Hey! — These stand alone or are set off by commas.

In the sentence 'She ran quickly,' what part of speech is 'quickly'?

Hint: It tells how she ran.

In 'The beautiful garden bloomed,' what part of speech is 'beautiful'?

Hint: It describes the garden.

In 'The cat sat between the chairs,' what part of speech is 'between'?

Hint: It shows the relationship between 'sat' and 'chairs'.

In 'Wow, that was amazing!' what part of speech is 'Wow'?

Hint: It expresses a strong feeling.

What sentence pattern is: 'Jesus wept.'?

Hint: Subject + intransitive Verb only, no object or complement.

What sentence pattern is: 'Jesus loves me.'?

Hint: Subject + transitive Verb + Direct Object.

What sentence pattern is: 'Jesus is God.'?

Hint: Subject + Linking Verb + Predicate Noun (renames the subject).

What sentence pattern is: 'Jesus is holy.'?

Hint: Subject + Linking Verb + Predicate Adjective (describes the subject).

What sentence pattern is: 'Mom gave me a cookie.'?

Hint: Subject + transitive Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object.

What sentence pattern is: 'They elected John president.'?

Hint: Subject + transitive Verb + Direct Object + Object Complement Noun.

What sentence pattern is: 'The sun made the room warm.'?

Hint: Subject + transitive Verb + Direct Object + Object Complement Adjective.

What is a direct object?

Hint: Ask 'what?' or 'whom?' after the action verb.

What is an indirect object?

Hint: It comes between the verb and the direct object.

Which of these is a linking verb?

Hint: A linking verb connects the subject to a word that describes or renames it.

What type of sentence makes a statement and ends with a period?

Hint: 'The cat is sleeping.' is an example.

What type of sentence asks a question and ends with a question mark?

Hint: 'Where are you going?' is an example.

What type of sentence gives a command or makes a request?

Hint: 'Close the door.' — The subject (you) is understood.

What type of sentence expresses strong emotion and ends with an exclamation mark?

Hint: 'What a beautiful day!' is an example.

What type of sentence is: 'Please pass the salt.'?

Hint: It makes a polite request.

What type of sentence is: 'How wonderful this is!'?

Hint: Strong feeling + exclamation mark.

What is an independent clause?

Hint: It expresses a complete thought.

What is a dependent (subordinate) clause?

Hint: It begins with a subordinating conjunction or relative pronoun.

Which word typically begins a relative clause?

Hint: Who, whom, whose, which, and that begin relative clauses.

In 'When the bell rang, the students left,' which is the dependent clause?

Hint: It starts with the subordinating conjunction 'when'.

Which of these is a subordinating conjunction?

Hint: It begins a dependent clause: because, although, when, if, since...

A compound sentence contains:

A complex sentence contains:

When do you use commas in a series?

Hint: Red, white, and blue.

A semicolon is used to join:

Hint: She loves reading; he prefers running.

How do you show possession for a singular noun?

Hint: The dog's bone (one dog).

Which punctuation fix best improves this sentence beginning: "After the long hike we rested"?

Hint: After the long hike, we rested.

Where do periods and commas go in relation to closing quotation marks?

Hint: She said, 'Hello.'

What is the basic rule of subject-verb agreement?

Which is correct: 'The boys (run / runs) fast'?

Hint: 'Boys' is plural, so use the plural verb form.

Which is correct: 'Each of the students (has / have) a book'?

Hint: 'Each' is singular, even though 'students' is plural.

Which is correct: 'The dog and the cat (is / are) friends'?

Hint: Compound subjects joined by 'and' are usually plural.

Which is correct: 'Neither the teacher nor the students (was / were) ready'?

Hint: With 'neither...nor,' the verb agrees with the nearer subject ('students').