Human_body

What bone protects the brain?

Hint: It's the bone at the very top of your body

What is the common name for the clavicle?

Hint: It connects your shoulder to your sternum

What is the common name for the scapula?

Hint: It's a flat triangular bone on your back

What is the large bone of the upper arm?

Hint: Sounds like 'humorous' — and the funny bone area is actually near this bone!

Which forearm bone is on the thumb side?

Hint: It 'radiates' out to your thumb

Which forearm bone is on the pinky side?

Hint: It forms the point of your elbow

What is the longest and strongest bone in the body?

Hint: It's in your upper leg

What is the common name for the tibia?

Hint: You can feel it on the front of your lower leg

What is the thin bone on the outer side of the lower leg?

Hint: It runs parallel to the shinbone

What is the common name for the patella?

Hint: It protects the front of your knee joint

What large bone supports the weight of the upper body?

Hint: It's shaped like a basin and connects your legs to your spine

What is the common name for the sternum?

Hint: It's in the center of your chest

How many pairs of ribs does a human have?

Hint: Same number as months in a year

What are the individual bones of the spine called?

Hint: The spine is also called the vertebral column

How many bones are in the adult human body?

Hint: A baby has about 270, but they fuse together

What is the smallest bone in the human body?

Hint: It's inside your ear

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

Hint: One is attached to bones, one is in the heart, one lines organs

Which type of muscle is voluntary and attached to bones?

Hint: You control these muscles when you move

Which type of muscle is found only in the heart?

Hint: Cardiac relates to the heart

Which type of muscle lines the walls of organs and blood vessels?

Hint: It's involuntary and looks smooth under a microscope

What muscle bends (flexes) your arm at the elbow?

Hint: It's on the front of your upper arm

What muscle group on the front of the thigh straightens the knee?

Hint: 'Quad' means four — it's a group of four muscles

What muscle group on the back of the thigh bends the knee?

Hint: They're behind your thigh, opposite the quads

List the main organs of the digestive system in order.

Hint: Food enters through your mouth and exits through the rectum

Where does digestion begin?

Hint: Teeth and saliva start breaking down food

What tube carries food from the mouth to the stomach?

Hint: It uses muscle contractions called peristalsis

What organ uses acid to break down food into a soupy mixture?

Hint: It contains hydrochloric acid

Where does most nutrient absorption take place?

Hint: It's about 20 feet long with tiny finger-like projections called villi

What organ absorbs water and forms solid waste?

Hint: It's wider but shorter than the small intestine

What organ produces bile to help digest fats?

Hint: It's the largest internal organ

What organ produces enzymes for digestion and insulin for blood sugar?

Hint: It has both digestive and hormonal functions

How many chambers does the human heart have?

Hint: There are upper chambers (atria) and lower chambers (ventricles)

What blood vessels carry blood AWAY from the heart?

Hint: Arteries = Away

What blood vessels carry blood TOWARD the heart?

Hint: They have valves to prevent blood from flowing backward

What are the smallest blood vessels where gas exchange occurs?

Hint: Their walls are only one cell thick

What blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body?

Hint: They contain hemoglobin, which gives blood its red color

What blood cells fight infection and disease?

Hint: They are part of your immune system

What blood cells help stop bleeding by forming clots?

Hint: When you get a cut, these rush to the wound

Name the main parts of the respiratory system.

Hint: Air enters through the nose and reaches the lungs; the diaphragm powers breathing

What is the common name for the trachea?

Hint: It carries air from your throat to your lungs

What are the two tubes that branch from the trachea into the lungs?

Hint: One goes to the left lung, one to the right

What dome-shaped muscle helps you breathe?

Hint: It's located below the lungs and contracts when you inhale

What are the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?

Hint: They look like clusters of grapes

What gas do we breathe in that our cells need?

Hint: It makes up about 21% of the air

What gas do we breathe out as a waste product?

Hint: Plants use this gas for photosynthesis

What is the largest part of the brain, responsible for thinking and memory?

Hint: It has two hemispheres and a wrinkled surface

What part of the brain coordinates balance and movement?

Hint: It's located at the back of the brain, below the cerebrum

What part of the brain controls involuntary actions like breathing and heartbeat?

Hint: It connects the brain to the spinal cord

What is a nerve cell called?

Hint: It carries electrical signals throughout the body

What is the correct path of blood through the heart? (starting from the body)

Hint: Remember: Right side pumps to Lungs, Left side pumps to Body (R-L, Lungs-Body)

What are the four main blood types?

Hint: O negative is the universal red-cell donor

Which type of blood vessel has thick, muscular walls and carries oxygen-rich blood (usually)?

Hint: They pulse with each heartbeat; 'A' for Away from heart, 'A' for Artery

What small organ stores bile produced by the liver?

Hint: It releases bile into the small intestine when you eat fatty foods

What tiny finger-like projections in the small intestine absorb nutrients into the blood?

Hint: They increase the surface area for absorption — like a shag carpet

What long bundle of nerves runs through the vertebral column and relays messages between the brain and body?

Hint: The backbone protects it; damage to it can cause paralysis

What are the two main divisions of the nervous system?

Hint: Central = Center (brain & spine are in the center); Peripheral = edges (nerves reaching out to fingers, toes)

Where exactly does oxygen pass into the blood in the lungs?

Hint: Both the air sac walls and blood vessel walls are only one cell thick

When you inhale, what happens to your diaphragm?

Hint: Contract = flatten = air rushes IN; relax = dome up = air goes OUT

What is the largest artery in the body?

Hint: It carries oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to the rest of the body

When your elbow bends, which body systems work together most directly?

Hint: Bones give structure, muscles pull on bones

You touch a hot pan and pull back quickly before thinking carefully. Which system coordinates that fast response?

Hint: Nerves carry fast signals

You touch a hot pan and quickly pull your hand away. Which body system sends the fast warning signals?

Hint: This system uses nerves and the brain

Which sense organ detects light so you can see?

Hint: It is the organ of sight

Food is chewed, swallowed, and broken into nutrients. Which body system is doing this work?

Hint: It includes the mouth, stomach, and intestines

The kidneys filter waste from the blood and help make urine. Which system is this part of?

Hint: This system removes wastes

After running, you breathe faster to bring more oxygen into your body. Which system is working hardest here?

Hint: It uses the lungs